According to the summary provided by the EUAA Courts and Tribunals Sector:

"When establishing the facts during a personal interview and in connection with obtaining relevant information about the situation in the country of origin, the official person must ask the applicant relevant (sub)questions and distinguish between the reasons given by the applicant that led him to leave the country of origin, and the reasons which, as a result of widely known information about the situation in the country of origin, may cause him to reasonably fear persecution or serious harm in the event of return. This is particularly relevant in the case of applicants for international protection from Iran, if their reasons for fleeing are also linked to religious reasons. Therefore, from the point of view of the absolute prohibition of inhumane treatment, the competent authority or the court of a country that is a signatory to the ECHR is not always necessarily bound only by the reason for fear that the applicant states in his statements, but must verify ex officio a specific reason for justified fear."