According to the summary provided by the EUAA Courts and Tribunals Network:

"The Council for Alien Law Litigation granted refugee status to an accompanied minor of Afghan nationality. The CALL first established, with reference to recent case law of the European Court of Justice, that demands for international protection based on an (imputed) westernisation or “violation of norms” abroad may be related to the persecution grounds of political or religious belief or belonging to a specific social group. From the available COI, it cannot be concluded that every Afghan national returning to his country of origin will have a well-founded fear of prosecution because of his stay in Europe.

In the present case, the CALL decided that, having regard to the totality of the individual risk determining circumstances present which should be considered cumulatively in light of the overall country-of-origin information, the applicant made it plausible that there is a real possibility that, should he return to his region and village of origin, he would stand out and fall into the negative attention of the local community and members and supporters of the Taliban. Keeping in mind the principle of the best interests of the child, the CALL found it reasonably likely that the applicant would be perceived, inter alia because of his trajectory and the nature of his activities in Belgium during a crucial period in his development as an adolescent, as a person who has westernised or has transgressed religious, moral or social norms. Thus, the CALL concluded that a well-founded fear of persecution could be established in this case on the basis of an imputed political opinion and that no reasonable protection was available in his country of origin."