The applicant, a Nigerian woman from Lagos, requested international protection in France, alleging that she had left from a prostitution network and that if she would return to Nigeria she would not receive protection from the authorities. She alleged that her family in Nigeria were being threatened because she had stopped paying her debt to the prostitution network, to which she had been enrolled under false pretenses that she would come to Europe to continue her studies. The OFPRA rejected the request and the applicant appealed.

The CNDA allowed the appeal and provided subsidiary protection to the applicant. The court verified the effectiveness of the withdrawal of the applicant from the prostitution network and the resulting fears in the event of her return to Nigeria. It determined that there was a proven risk considering that the public sources showed that the trafficking practiced in Lagos cannot be regarded as affecting, by its scale, its methods and the means of control over its victims, a level comparable to that prevailing in Edo and in other Southern states of Nigeria. The absence of such characteristics in Lagos led the court to consider that the applicant could not be regarded as belonging to this social group. On the other hand, the court concluded that subsidiary protection should be granted to the applicant as she would be exposed to a risk due to the fact that she left the prostitution network.

The court cited the EASO report Nigeria. Trafficking in Human Beings, April 2021.